Coccidiosis
Coccidiosis is a parasitic disease caused by the development and
multiplication of coccidian (Eimeria spp.) in the intestinal
tract.
Coccidia are ubiquitous; they exist wherever chickens are reared
and their survival is assured by a highly resistant form of
transmission - the oocyst - which may survive for several months in
the environment.
Despite hygiene measures, drug prophylaxis and vaccination,
coccidian remain a major problem in poultry rearing. It is
estimated that the global cost of prevention of coccidiosis in
chicken is $200 to $300 million per year.
Seven species of Eimeria are currently recognised in
chickens:
- E. acervulina completes its entire cycle in the duodenum, but
may spread to the ileum during severe infection.
- E. tenella is located almost exclusively in the caeca. It
may extend beyond the junction of the caeca during severe
infections
- E. necatrix performs its schizogony in the jejunum-ileum and
its gamogony in the caeca.
- E. paraecox colonises the duodenum and the jejunum
- E. mitis colonises mainly the ileum.
- E. maxima infects the middle intestine (jejunum and beginning
of the ileum, on either side of the Meckel's diverticulum), but
most often ascends into the duodenum.
- E. brunetti descends the length of the intestine during
infection and is located preferentially in the rectum and
cloaca. When infections are severe, it may ascend to the
distal part of the ileum and the proximal part of the caeca.
These seven Eimeria species are specific for chickens and cannot
infect other types of fowl, birds or mammals.
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Baycox 2.5% Solution
Baycox 2.5% Solution is for the treatment of coccidiosis in poultry and acts on all intracellular stages of coccidian. Baycox 2.5% solution has a very wide spectrum of activity. Toltrazuril is absorbed from the intestine at a rate of at least 50%. The highest concentrations of the compound and the main metabolite are found in the kidney and liver.
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